Real-time graphics: The hardware rasterization graphics pipeline: stages, polygon clipping and sampling, the graphics processing unit (GPU), programmable stages and image composition, Aliasing and antialiasing.

Appearance and shading: Materials and surface properties, local shading models and their properties, basic radiometric properties and the reflectance equation, Texturing and texture maps.
The ray tracing pipeline, applications, ray generation, scene traversal and acceleration structures, specular reflection and transmission.

Light transport theory and stochastic path tracing: The rendering equation, approximations and Monte Carlo integration, Modeling of arbitrary light sources and global illumination.